Concept of atmospheric pressure:

Atmospheric pressure is the weight of a column of air over its cross section, and its height is equal to the thickness of the atmosphere. It consists of several gases (nitrogen 78% and oxygen 21%, in addition to other gases). Areas of lower atmospheric pressure have less atmospheric mass, while regions of higher atmospheric pressure have more atmospheric mass.

Low and high air pressure:

Low air pressure is formed when the temperature rises, as this causes air molecules to accelerate and move away from each other.

Higher atmospheric pressure is formed when the temperature is low, as this causes the air molecules to slow down and move closer together.

Atmospheric pressure difference:

The atmospheric pressure varies at the surface of the earth, up to the mesosphere, and the atmospheric pressure changes according to the weather condition.

Atmospheric pressure decreases with altitude from the surface of the earth, and thus less oxygen in the atmosphere, which has an effect on living organisms that breathe the air, and need oxygen in their breathing. And the effect of height on humans is as follows:

• 2,400 meters altitude: This equals pressure inside passenger aircraft, and has no effect.
• Altitude of 2500 meters: some sensitive people begin to feel dizzy.
• 3500 meters altitude: About a third of people unaccustomed to it feel dizzy and tired.
• 4000m altitude: 95% of unaccustomed people feel dizzy and tired.
• 5500 meters altitude: Some people can live at this altitude, and the amount of oxygen at this altitude is about half the amount at sea level.
• 7500 meters altitude: This is where the lethal zone begins, as mountain climbers cannot survive at that altitude for more than a day without oxygen tubes.
• 8,848 meters altitude: the highest point on earth, which is the summit of Mount Everest. You can't stay that high without oxygen tubes.
• Altitude 12,192 meters: the average flight altitude of commercial aircraft, and here the cabin is supplied with compressed air from the outside and its temperature is adjusted.