Sugars are naturally present in many foods such as fruits, vegetables, and dairy products, and sugar can be manufactured and added to foods to improve their taste. Sugars are usually classified according to their degree of complexity.

Types of sugars:

First: Simple sugars, which are called monosaccharides, consist of one molecule such as glucose, which is one of the most important types of monosaccharides for humans, as it is used by the cells of the body to produce energy, and fructose, which is a sweet fruit sugar, can be obtained from fruits, honey and galactose, which is one of the components of sugar found in the milk.

Second: disaccharides are formed when two monosaccharides combine, such as:

Sucrose is a mixture of glucose and fructose

Lactose is the sugar in milk, and lactose is made of glucose and galactose

Maltose, which consists of two units of glucose, and can be obtained from grain sprouts

Third: Polysaccharides, which consist of more than two monosaccharides

1- oligosaccharides, which contain a short chain of sugars consisting of three, four, or five sugar molecules

2- Polysaccharides such as

Carbohydrates are stored in many plants

Cellulose, the main component of plant cell walls, is made up of many glucose units.

Glycogen is one of the most important forms of glucose storage in the bodies of animals and humans, and is found mainly in the liver and muscles, and it is worth noting that it is similar in form to the starches found in plants.

At the end of this article, we dedicate to you two experiences to identify and detect sugars and their types

This is an experiment that shows the difference between monosaccharides and disaccharides and how to detect them

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This is an experiment that shows how to detect polysaccharides

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