Objective: To determine whether microorganisms can arise spontaneously from broth or whether they come from microorganisms present in the air.Materials: Glass flasks with curved necks (swan-neck flasks) Clear nutrient broth Heat source for boiling the brothSteps: Place clear nutrient broth in flasks......

Objective: Determine the kinetic energy of a moving object and study the relationship between the object's speed and mass when displacement is constant.Materials: Glider moving on an air track _ Elastic rubber cord _ Photogate sensor _ Electric timer or stopwatch _ Ruler for measuring distanceSteps:......

Objective: To study the effect of a concentrated solution on plant cells and observe plasmolysis resulting from water leaving the cell by osmosis.Materials: Small piece of red onion epidermis _ Microscope slide _ Cover slip _ Dropper _ Distilled water _ 30% sugar solution _ Blotting paper _ Light mi......

Objective: Preparation of ethyne gas from calcium carbide. To identify the reaction of calcium carbide with water.Materials: Gas preparation apparatus (flask + dropping funnel) _ Calcium carbide CaC₂ _ Water _ Bottle containing copper sulfate solution in dilute sulfuric acid _ Water trough _ Inverte......

Objective: To determine the water content in popcorn kernels by measuring mass before and after heating.Materials: Glass beaker _ 20 popcorn kernels _ 5 mL cooking oil _ aluminum foil _ electronic balance _ stove or hot plateProcedure: Add 5 mL of cooking oil to a clean glass beaker. Measure the mas......

Objective: To study alcoholic fermentation of sugars and understand how sugars are converted into ethanol.Materials: Glass flask _ sugar solution (molasses or sucrose solution) _ yeast _ stopper with delivery tube _ limewater beakerProcedure: Place the sugar solution in the flask. Add an appropriate......

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